Temperate climates are found 50 to 60 degrees north and south of the equator. They are basically of two varieties, namely the continental type and the maritime type.
The continental type
The stations located in this type of temperate zone are located quite far from any body of water such as sea or ocean. Therefore, the moderating effect of the sea is not enough for them. As a result, summers are quite warm with maximum rainfall in summer and winters are quite cold. This type of climate is known as continental. In Europe, Moscow is perhaps the best example of a temperate continental climate. In Moscow, summers can be quite hot and the hottest month is usually above 70 F. This is quite high for its latitude of about 52 N. This is due to the fact that the large Eurasian landmass, in the one in Moscow, it becomes quite high. warm in summer.
In winter the opposite occurs and the night minimum can drop to 0 F. This is again due to the continental effect and the remoteness of the location from the sea. Precipitation is received mainly in the summer, although Moscow receives moderate rains in almost every month of the year.
In the southern hemisphere, due to the absence of a large land mass, the continental type does not manifest itself adequately in any particular place.
Maritime climate
The best example is London. Unlike Moscow, it is not so hot in the summer and not so cold in the winter; thanks to the proximity to the Atlantic Ocean and the moderating influence of the North Atlantic Drift. London receives rainfall every month, but winter precipitation is more pronounced than summer.
As for temperatures, they are quite moderate for its latitude of 51 N. The hottest month’s average is 60 F, while even during the height of winter, it is rare for temperatures to drop below 30 F.
In the southern hemisphere, Auckland in New Zealand has a similar climate. Tasmania in Australia is also an example of a temperate maritime climate. In both areas, summers and winters are mild due to the moderating influence of the ocean.
In summary, temperate climates have two broad categories, namely continental and maritime. The former has more precipitation in summer while the latter has more precipitation in winter.